{"id":1498,"date":"2022-12-24T22:34:59","date_gmt":"2022-12-24T22:34:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kasifiz.com\/english\/what-is-the-dark-age-in-history\/"},"modified":"2026-03-31T08:40:33","modified_gmt":"2026-03-31T08:40:33","slug":"what-is-the-dark-age-in-history","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kasifiz.com\/english\/what-is-the-dark-age-in-history\/","title":{"rendered":"What is the Dark Age in History?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>\n<p><strong><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Karanl\u0131k \u00e7a\u011f; <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Orta \u00c7a\u011f&#8217;da Avrupa&#8217;da bir d\u00f6nemi ifade etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Bu d\u00f6nem, MS 476&#8217;da Roma \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu&#8217;nun \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyle \u200b\u200bba\u015flad\u0131 ve MS 1453&#8217;e kadar devam etti. Karanl\u0131k \u00c7a\u011f&#8217;\u0131n sonu, MS 1517&#8217;de Martin Luther&#8217;in Protestanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilan etmesiyle ba\u015flayan Reformasyon d\u00f6nemine denk geliyor. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Bu d\u00f6nemde \u00e7e\u015fitli barbar g\u00f6\u00e7ebe gruplar\u0131n sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 sonucu Avrupa&#8217;daki \u015fehirler yerle bir edildi ve yok edildi. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Bu sald\u0131r\u0131lar, \u00f6zellikle Bizans \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu&#8217;nun etkisinin azalmas\u0131yla birlikte Bat\u0131 Avrupa&#8217;da yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131.<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Karanl\u0131k \u00c7a\u011f&#8217;da bilim ve sanat alanlar\u0131nda \u00f6nemli gerilemeler ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015f, y\u00f6netime otoriter rejimler hakim olmu\u015ftur. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Ya\u015fanan olumsuzluklar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra bir\u00e7ok hastal\u0131k ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f ve milyonlarca insan\u0131 etkilemi\u015ftir. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">D\u00f6nem i\u00e7inde olu\u015fan olumsuz etkilerin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 &#8220;karanl\u0131k&#8221; ortam nedeniyle &#8220;Karanl\u0131k \u00c7a\u011f&#8221; terimi kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Karanl\u0131k \u00c7a\u011flar\u0131n sona ermesi, Orta\u00e7a\u011f Avrupa&#8217;s\u0131nda R\u00f6nesans ve Reformasyon d\u00f6nemlerinin ba\u015flamas\u0131yla bilim ve sanat alanlar\u0131ndaki canlanma ve ilerleme ile m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmu\u015ftur.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Karanl\u0131k \u00c7a\u011flar boyunca \u0130slam \u00fclkeleri do\u011frudan etkilenmedi. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Ancak Orta \u00c7a\u011f&#8217;da \u0130slam \u00fclkeleri de bir\u00e7ok olumsuz olayla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">\u00d6rne\u011fin Mo\u011fol istilalar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u0130slam \u00fclkeleri de etkilenmi\u015f ve bir\u00e7ok \u015fehir y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Ayr\u0131ca \u0130slam \u00fclkelerinde bilim ve sanatta gerileme, fikri gerileme gibi olumsuz etkiler de g\u00f6zlemlenmi\u015ftir. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Bu d\u00f6nemlerden sonra \u0130slam \u00fclkelerinde de bir canlanma ve ilerleme g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">\u00d6rne\u011fin Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu d\u00f6neminde \u0130slam \u00fclkelerinde bilim ve sanatta \u00f6nemli geli\u015fmeler olmu\u015ftur. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Ayr\u0131ca bu d\u00f6nemde \u0130slam \u00fclkelerinde demokratik y\u00f6netimlerin kurulmas\u0131nda ilerleme kaydedilmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-5230\" src=\"https:\/\/kasifiz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/karanlik-cag1-1024x576.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" data-lazy-=\"\" title=\"\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/kasifiz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/karanlik-cag1-1024x576.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-5230\" title=\"\"><\/noscript><\/figure>\n<h3 id=\"h-karanlik-cagda-yasanan-olaylar\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Karanl\u0131k \u00c7a\u011flarda Olaylar<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Orta \u00c7a\u011f&#8217;da Avrupa&#8217;da Karanl\u0131k \u00c7a\u011flar olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan d\u00f6nemde bir\u00e7ok olumsuz olay ya\u015fand\u0131. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Bu olaylar \u015funlar\u0131 i\u00e7erir: <\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<strong><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Roma \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu&#8217;nun \u00c7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fc:<\/span><\/span><\/strong><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"> MS 476&#8217;da Roma \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu&#8217;nun bat\u0131 k\u0131sm\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fc ve Avrupa&#8217;da b\u00fcy\u00fck bir karga\u015fa ve kaosa neden oldu. <\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<strong><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">G\u00f6\u00e7ebe sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131:<\/span><\/span><\/strong><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"> Karanl\u0131k \u00c7a\u011flar boyunca \u00e7e\u015fitli barbar g\u00f6\u00e7ebe gruplar Avrupa&#8217;ya sald\u0131rd\u0131. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Bu sald\u0131r\u0131lar Bat\u0131 Avrupa&#8217;da yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131 ve bir\u00e7ok \u015fehir yerle bir edildi ve yok edildi. <\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<strong><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Bilim ve sanatta gerileme:<\/span><\/span><\/strong><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"> Karanl\u0131k \u00e7a\u011flarda bilim ve sanat alanlar\u0131nda \u00f6nemli d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015fler ya\u015fand\u0131. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Bu d\u00f6nemde antik Yunan ve Roma bilgisine eri\u015fimin azalmas\u0131 bilim ve sanat alanlar\u0131nda ilerlemeyi engellemi\u015ftir. <\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<strong><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Otoriter h\u00fck\u00fcmetler:<\/span><\/span><\/strong><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Karanl\u0131k \u00c7a\u011flar boyunca, otoriter h\u00fck\u00fcmetler y\u00f6netime hakim oldu. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Bu d\u00f6nemde y\u00f6neticiler genellikle kendi \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6n planda tuttular ve halk\u0131n \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zetmediler. <\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<strong><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">K\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve entelekt\u00fcel gerileme:<\/span><\/span><\/strong><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"> K\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve entelekt\u00fcel gerileme Karanl\u0131k \u00c7a\u011flarda da g\u00f6zlendi. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Bu d\u00f6nemde insanlar\u0131n okuma yazma oran\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fc ve bu da entelekt\u00fcel geli\u015fimi s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131yordu. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Ayr\u0131ca bu d\u00f6nemde k\u00fclt\u00fcrel faaliyetler de azalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-5231\" src=\"https:\/\/kasifiz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/karanlik-cag4.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"839\" height=\"508\" data-lazy-=\"\" title=\"\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/kasifiz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/karanlik-cag4.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-5231\" width=\"839\" height=\"508\" title=\"\"><\/noscript><\/figure>\n<h3><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Karanl\u0131k \u00c7a\u011flarda Salg\u0131nlar<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Karanl\u0131k \u00c7a\u011flarda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bir\u00e7ok hastal\u0131k insanlar\u0131 etkilemi\u015ftir. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Bu hastal\u0131klar \u015funlard\u0131r: <\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<strong><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Ha\u015fere:<\/span><\/span><\/strong><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"> Ha\u015fere bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 bir hastal\u0131k t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr ve \u00f6zellikle kalabal\u0131k yerlerde yayg\u0131nd\u0131r. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Karanl\u0131k \u00c7a\u011flar boyunca bir\u00e7ok Avrupa \u015fehrinde ha\u015fere salg\u0131nlar\u0131 meydana gelmi\u015f ve bu salg\u0131nlar s\u0131ras\u0131nda y\u00fczbinlerce insan hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015ftir. <\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<strong><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Tifo:<\/span><\/span><\/strong><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"> Tifo, bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 bir hastal\u0131k t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr ve \u00f6zellikle k\u00f6t\u00fc hijyen ko\u015fullar\u0131nda yayg\u0131nd\u0131r. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Karanl\u0131k \u00c7a\u011flar boyunca bir\u00e7ok Avrupa \u015fehrinde tifo salg\u0131nlar\u0131 da g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ve bu salg\u0131nlar s\u0131ras\u0131nda y\u00fczbinlerce insan hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015ftir. <\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<strong><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">K\u0131zam\u0131k:<\/span><\/span><\/strong><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">K\u0131zam\u0131k bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 bir hastal\u0131k t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr ve genellikle \u00e7ocuklarda g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Karanl\u0131k \u00c7a\u011flar boyunca bir\u00e7ok Avrupa \u015fehrinde k\u0131zam\u0131k salg\u0131nlar\u0131 da g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ve bu salg\u0131nlar s\u0131ras\u0131nda y\u00fczbinlerce insan hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015ftir. <\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<strong><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Kuduz:<\/span><\/span><\/strong><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"> Kuduz, hayvanlardan insanlara bula\u015fabilen bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 bir hastal\u0131k t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Karanl\u0131k \u00c7a\u011flar boyunca bir\u00e7ok Avrupa \u015fehrinde de kuduz vakalar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc ve bu hastal\u0131k s\u0131ras\u0131nda y\u00fczbinlerce insan \u00f6ld\u00fc. <\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Karanl\u0131k \u00c7a\u011flarda bu hastal\u0131klar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra bir\u00e7ok ba\u015fka hastal\u0131k da insanlar\u0131 etkilemi\u015ftir. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">\u00d6rne\u011fin <\/span><\/span><strong><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">verem, grip, kolera<\/span><\/span><\/strong><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"> gibi hastal\u0131klar\u0131n bu kadar yayg\u0131n olmas\u0131n\u0131n nedeni o d\u00f6nemde hijyen ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n yetersiz olmas\u0131 ve hastal\u0131klar\u0131n kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131namamas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-5232\" src=\"https:\/\/kasifiz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/karanlik-cag3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"839\" height=\"436\" data-lazy-=\"\" title=\"\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/kasifiz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/karanlik-cag3.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-5232\" width=\"839\" height=\"436\" title=\"\"><\/noscript><\/figure>\n<h5><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Payla\u015fmak<\/span><\/span><\/h5>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Karanl\u0131k \u00e7a\u011f; Orta \u00c7a\u011f&#8217;da Avrupa&#8217;da bir d\u00f6nemi ifade etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6nem, MS 476&#8217;da Roma \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu&#8217;nun \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyle \u200b\u200bba\u015flad\u0131 ve MS 1453&#8217;e kadar devam etti. Karanl\u0131k \u00c7a\u011f&#8217;\u0131n sonu, MS 1517&#8217;de Martin Luther&#8217;in Protestanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilan etmesiyle ba\u015flayan Reformasyon d\u00f6nemine denk geliyor. Bu d\u00f6nemde \u00e7e\u015fitli barbar g\u00f6\u00e7ebe gruplar\u0131n sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 sonucu Avrupa&#8217;daki \u015fehirler yerle bir edildi ve yok &hellip; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1499,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1873],"tags":[1253,830,1254,1255],"class_list":["post-1498","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-who","tag-ancient-cities-of-lycia","tag-explorer","tag-lycian-kingdom","tag-lycian-way"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kasifiz.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1498","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kasifiz.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kasifiz.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kasifiz.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kasifiz.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1498"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/kasifiz.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1498\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kasifiz.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1499"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kasifiz.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1498"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kasifiz.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1498"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kasifiz.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1498"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}