{"id":1993,"date":"2023-03-03T20:21:27","date_gmt":"2023-03-03T20:21:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kasifiz.com\/english\/discovery-of-earths-8th-continent-zealandia\/"},"modified":"2026-03-31T08:25:15","modified_gmt":"2026-03-31T08:25:15","slug":"discovery-of-earths-8th-continent-zealandia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kasifiz.com\/english\/discovery-of-earths-8th-continent-zealandia\/","title":{"rendered":"Discovery of Earth’s 8th Continent, Zealandia"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/figure>\n

Bilim adamlar\u0131, 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda D\u00fcnya’n\u0131n 8. K\u0131tas\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frulad\u0131lar. \u201cZealand\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan bu k\u0131ta, Yeni Zelanda yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda, G\u00fcney Pasifik Okyanusu’nun 1 kilometre alt\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor. <\/span>Ancak 5 milyon kilometrekarelik k\u0131tan\u0131n y\u00fczde 94’\u00fc sular alt\u0131nda. <\/span>Bu nedenle, Zealandia’y\u0131 haritalamak olduk\u00e7a zor bir s\u00fcre\u00e7tir. <\/span>Bilim adamlar\u0131 2017’de Zelanda’n\u0131n ger\u00e7ek bir k\u0131ta oldu\u011funu do\u011frulasa da k\u0131tan\u0131n t\u00fcm geni\u015fli\u011fini haritaland\u0131rmak biraz zaman ald\u0131.<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Son olarak, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, Zelanda’n\u0131n milyonlarca y\u0131l \u00f6ncesine ait ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 haritalar\u0131n\u0131 yay\u0131nlad\u0131lar. <\/span>Bu haritalar, k\u0131tan\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fc hakk\u0131nda benzeri g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar sa\u011flad\u0131 ve bug\u00fcnk\u00fc haline nas\u0131l geldi\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. <\/span>D\u00fcnyan\u0131n en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, en ince ve en gen\u00e7 k\u0131tas\u0131 olarak bilinen bu k\u0131ta, Madagaskar’\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k alt\u0131 kat\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde. <\/span>Daha \u00f6nce ansiklopediler, haritalar ve arama motorlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan listelenen yedi k\u0131tan\u0131n aksine k\u0131ta hen\u00fcz ke\u015ffedilmemi\u015fti.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Bir kara par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131ta olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in su y\u00fczeyinde olmas\u0131 gerekmez. <\/span>Bilim adamlar\u0131, k\u0131ta olarak kabul edilebilmesi i\u00e7in \u00f6nce baz\u0131 \u015fartlar\u0131 kontrol ediyor. <\/span>Kara par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7evresine g\u00f6re y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131, kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc bir jeolojik yap\u0131ya sahip olmas\u0131, s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 net olarak belirlenmi\u015f bir b\u00f6lge olmas\u0131 ve b\u00f6lgedeki k\u0131tasal kabu\u011fun okyanus kabu\u011fundan daha kal\u0131n olmas\u0131 bu ko\u015fullardan baz\u0131lar\u0131d\u0131r. <\/span>Yeni ke\u015ffedilen bu k\u0131ta asl\u0131nda uzun s\u00fcredir var olsa da varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 1990’larda ke\u015ffedildi ve 2017’de resmen k\u0131ta olarak tan\u0131nd\u0131. Ancak k\u0131ta su alt\u0131nda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in k\u0131ta hakk\u0131nda \u00e7ok az ara\u015ft\u0131rma yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n

Zelanda K\u0131tas\u0131 \u00dczerine Ara\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Yeni Zelanda merkezli GNS Science ara\u015ft\u0131rma ekibi; <\/span>Zelanda k\u0131tas\u0131n\u0131n ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekil ve boyut haritalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcrettiklerini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. <\/span>Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar bu haritalar\u0131, insanlar\u0131n g\u00f6rsel olarak inceleyebilecekleri ve ke\u015ffedebilecekleri bir web sitesinde yay\u0131nlad\u0131lar. <\/span>Projenin lideri Nick Mortimer, “Bu haritalar\u0131 Yeni Zelanda ve G\u00fcneybat\u0131 Pasifik jeolojisinin do\u011fru, eksiksiz ve g\u00fcncel g\u00f6rsellerini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in yapt\u0131k” dedi.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Mortimer ve ekibi, Zelanda’n\u0131n tektonik yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra deniz taban\u0131n\u0131n etraf\u0131ndaki topografyan\u0131n haritas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. <\/span>Haritalar ayr\u0131ca, Zelanda’n\u0131n milyonlarca y\u0131l \u00f6nce sular alt\u0131nda kalmadan \u00f6nceki g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fc hakk\u0131nda yeni bilgiler de ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. <\/span>K\u0131ta yakla\u015f\u0131k 5 milyon kilometrekare b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde ve \u00e7o\u011fu sular alt\u0131nda.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Zealandia’n\u0131n alan\u0131 Avustralya’n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k yar\u0131s\u0131 kadar olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, sadece y\u00fczde 6’s\u0131 su seviyesinin \u00fczerinde yer almaktad\u0131r. <\/span>Bu b\u00f6lge, Yeni Zelanda’n\u0131n kuzey ve g\u00fcney adalar\u0131 ile Yeni Kaledonya adas\u0131n\u0131n temelini olu\u015fturur. <\/span>Zelanda’n\u0131n geri kalan\u0131 sular alt\u0131nda oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in ara\u015ft\u0131rmak olduk\u00e7a zorlu bir s\u00fcre\u00e7.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n

Mortimer ve ekibi taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan deniz taban\u0131 topo\u011frafya haritas\u0131, k\u0131tadaki da\u011flar\u0131n y\u00fcksekli\u011fini ve su y\u00fczeyine ne kadar yak\u0131n olduklar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor. <\/span>Harita ayn\u0131 zamanda k\u0131tan\u0131n k\u0131y\u0131 \u015feridini, b\u00f6lgesel s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00f6nemli sualt\u0131 \u00f6zelliklerinin adlar\u0131n\u0131 da i\u00e7erir. <\/span>Bu harita ayn\u0131 zamanda D\u00fcnya’n\u0131n t\u00fcm okyanus tabanlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren ve 2030 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar tamamlanmas\u0131 planlanan k\u00fcresel haritalama giri\u015fiminin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olacak.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

GNS Science ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131, yapt\u0131klar\u0131 ikinci harita ile yer kabu\u011funun nas\u0131l olu\u015ftu\u011funu ve bu k\u0131tan\u0131n ana fay hatlar\u0131n\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. <\/span>Harita, k\u0131tan\u0131n daha sert ve daha eski k\u0131ta kabu\u011funu k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131, turuncu, sar\u0131 ve kahverengi renklerle temsil ederken, daha gen\u00e7 deniz kabu\u011fu mavi renkle g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir. <\/span>Ayr\u0131ca harita, k\u0131ta b\u00f6lgesindeki tektonik hareketleri ortaya koyan volkanlar\u0131n yerlerini g\u00f6steren k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7genlerle dolu.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n

K\u0131tan\u0131n Zealandia olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Zealandia terimi, 1995 y\u0131l\u0131nda jeofizik\u00e7i Bruce Luyendyk taraf\u0131ndan icat edildi. Luyendyk, bu terimi yeni bir k\u0131tay\u0131 tan\u0131mlamak i\u00e7in se\u00e7medi\u011fini, asl\u0131nda terimin, Yeni Zelanda s\u00fcper k\u0131tas\u0131ndan kopan bat\u0131k kabuk par\u00e7alar\u0131na at\u0131fta bulunmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtti. Gondwana 85 milyon y\u0131l \u00f6nce. <\/span>Luyendyk, Gondwana’ya bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, bu par\u00e7alar\u0131n onunla ayn\u0131 oldu\u011funu fark etti ve bu nedenle, t\u00fcm bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmleri ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 adland\u0131rman\u0131n gereksiz oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnerek, Zealandia terimini kulland\u0131. <\/span>Gondwana, D\u00fcnya’n\u0131n eski s\u00fcper k\u0131tas\u0131 Pangea’n\u0131n iki par\u00e7aya ayr\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n bir sonucu olarak olu\u015ftu. <\/span>Kuzeyde Lavrasya Avrupa, Asya ve Kuzey Amerika’y\u0131, g\u00fcneyde Gondwana ise Afrika, Antarktika, G\u00fcney Amerika ve Avustralya’y\u0131 olu\u015fturdu.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

2017 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar, Zelanda ve Madagaskar adas\u0131 gibi baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgeler “mikro k\u0131talar” olarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yordu. <\/span>Ancak Zealandia’n\u0131n t\u00fcm k\u0131tasal \u00f6zelliklere sahip oldu\u011funu belirten Mortimer’e g\u00f6re bu b\u00f6lge bir k\u0131tad\u0131r. <\/span>Zealandia, 1 milyon kilometrekareden fazla bir alan\u0131 ve daha kal\u0131n deniz ve k\u0131ta kabu\u011funu kapsayan belirgin s\u0131n\u0131rlara sahiptir. <\/span>Mortimer 2017’de Science News’e \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yledi: “D\u00fcnyadaki t\u00fcm okyanuslar\u0131 bo\u015faltabilseydik, o zaman Zelanda a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde g\u00f6ze \u00e7arpard\u0131. Okyanus taban\u0131nda olmasayd\u0131, Zelanda’n\u0131n bir k\u0131ta oldu\u011fu \u00e7ok daha erken anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.” dedi.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n

Zealandia’n\u0131n Tarihi ve Olu\u015fumu<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Zealandia’n\u0131n tarihi ve olu\u015fumu ger\u00e7ekten de olduk\u00e7a ilgin\u00e7. <\/span>Yakla\u015f\u0131k 105 milyon y\u0131l \u00f6nce Gondwana’dan uzakla\u015ft\u0131 ve ard\u0131ndan Pasifik Plakas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan suyun \u00fczerine itilerek Yeni Zelanda adas\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturdu. <\/span>Zealandia’n\u0131n bir k\u0131ta olarak kabul edilmesinin nedeni, granit, \u015fist ve kire\u00e7ta\u015f\u0131 gibi magmatik, metamorfik ve tortul kaya\u00e7lardan olu\u015fmas\u0131d\u0131r. <\/span>Bu \u00f6zellikler, Zelanda’n\u0131n okyanus kabu\u011fundan ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve k\u0131tasal bir kabu\u011fa sahip oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Zelandia’n\u0131n olu\u015fumu s\u0131ra d\u0131\u015f\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, jeologlar h\u00e2l\u00e2 bu ince k\u0131tan\u0131n nas\u0131l olup da par\u00e7alanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlar. <\/span>Ayr\u0131ca Gondwana’n\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in Zealandia’da ya\u015fayan canl\u0131lar hakk\u0131nda da \u00e7ok \u015fey \u00f6\u011frenilebilir. <\/span>Zelanda kayalar\u0131n\u0131n Gondwana’n\u0131n bitki ve hayvan t\u00fcrlerinin kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7erebilece\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir. <\/span>Bu da bilim adamlar\u0131n\u0131n daha uzun bir s\u00fcre Zelandia \u00fczerinde ara\u015ft\u0131rma yapacaklar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7 olarak, Zelanda’n\u0131n ke\u015ffi ve bir k\u0131ta olarak tan\u0131nmas\u0131, d\u00fcnya co\u011frafyas\u0131 hakk\u0131nda daha fazla \u015fey \u00f6\u011frenmemize ve tarihimizi daha iyi anlamam\u0131za yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu. <\/span>Bu ke\u015fif, d\u00fcnyam\u0131z\u0131n h\u00e2l\u00e2 ke\u015ffedilmeyi bekleyen s\u0131rlarla dolu oldu\u011funu da g\u00f6steriyor.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bilim adamlar\u0131, 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda D\u00fcnya’n\u0131n 8. K\u0131tas\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frulad\u0131lar. \u201cZealand\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan bu k\u0131ta, Yeni Zelanda yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda, G\u00fcney Pasifik Okyanusu’nun 1 kilometre alt\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor. Ancak 5 milyon kilometrekarelik k\u0131tan\u0131n y\u00fczde 94’\u00fc sular alt\u0131nda. Bu nedenle, Zealandia’y\u0131 haritalamak olduk\u00e7a zor bir s\u00fcre\u00e7tir. Bilim adamlar\u0131 2017’de Zelanda’n\u0131n ger\u00e7ek bir k\u0131ta oldu\u011funu do\u011frulasa da k\u0131tan\u0131n t\u00fcm geni\u015fli\u011fini … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1994,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[39],"tags":[1931,1627,1930,1501,1932],"class_list":["post-1993","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-what","tag-8th","tag-continent","tag-discovery","tag-earths","tag-zealandia"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kasifiz.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1993","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kasifiz.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kasifiz.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kasifiz.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kasifiz.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1993"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/kasifiz.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1993\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kasifiz.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1994"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kasifiz.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1993"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kasifiz.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1993"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kasifiz.com\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1993"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}