6 Şubat’ta meydana gelen depremin ardından UNESCO, Türkiye’nin Dünya Miras Listesi’nde bulunan Göbeklitepe ve Nemrut Dağı gibi tarihi yerlerin durumuyla ilgili endişelerini dile getirdi. Ancak Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı’nın yaptığı araştırmaya göre her iki tarihi eser de depremi yara almadan atlattı. Depremin ardından Türkiye ve Suriye’de birçok tarihi yapı hasar gördü.
Known as the Fertile Crescent, the region of Mesopotamia is one of the longest inhabited and has witnessed the birth of different civilizations. Thousands of years of archaeological sites in the region have brought the remnants of this rich past to the present day. Important sites such as Nemrut, Zeugma and Göbeklitepe survived the earthquakes, but Hatay Archeology Museum was partially damaged. As an incredible loss, the historical Hatay Parliament Building and the Habib-i Neccar Mosque, the oldest mosque in Anatolia, were destroyed. The historical artifacts and mosques damaged in Turkey and Syria after the earthquake are as follows;
Hatay Parliament Building
Hatay Parliament Building has an important place in history as a structure where the decision to establish the Hatay State and join Turkey was taken. Hatay Parliament Building, one of the symbolic structures of the city, could not withstand the earthquake and was demolished.
Habib-i Neccar Mosque
Habib-i Neccar Mosque in Antakya is known as the oldest mosque in Anatolia. The mosque was built in the 7th century over a pagan temple from the Roman period. This historical structure, which was captured by the Mamluks in 638, was destroyed due to an earthquake.
Malatya New Mosque
Malatya Yeni Mosque is known as a 17th century mosque. After the first earthquake on Monday, many of the mosque’s walls collapsed. Yeni Mosque was built of stone and designed in the traditional Ottoman style. The mosque, which was restored and opened for worship last year, has historical and cultural value.
Gaziantep Castle
The ancient city of Zeugma in Gaziantep was also undamaged, but Gaziantep Castle was heavily damaged in the earthquake. Some historical houses in Antep were also damaged.
Ancient Aleppo Castle
Syria’s ancient fort of Aleppo was heavily damaged in an earthquake on Monday. The castle is one of the medieval castles thought to have been built around the 3rd millennium BC. Repaired and preserved in the early 2000s, the fort is a touristic landmark and is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site of the Ancient City of Aleppo. Many of the walls collapsed and the entrance was also badly damaged. A part of the dome of the Ayyubid mosque in the inner castle also fell. At the same time, Margat Fortress in Baniyas was also affected by the earthquake.
Churches Found in Antakya and Iskenderun
Churches in places where Turkey’s historical and cultural heritage is rich, such as Antakya and Iskenderun, were exposed to the brutal effects of earthquakes. The historical Greek Orthodox Church in Antakya and the Saint Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church in Iskenderun were severely damaged by the earthquake. The roof of the building and some of its walls completely collapsed.
Nemrut Mountain
It belongs to the Kingdom of Commagene in the Kahta district of Adıyaman. Nemrut Mountain, It is an important historical and archaeological site. As a result of the examination made by the teams, it was determined that the sculptures in the snow-covered area were undamaged.
Gobeklitepe
located in Gaziantep GobeklitepeIt is called the “zero point of history” because it is the oldest known belief center. Göbeklitepe, which is estimated to have been built between 9600 – 9500 BC, survived the earthquakes without damage. Göbeklitepe is on the UNESCO World Heritage list and is an important historical and archaeological site.
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