Anal fissure is small cracks or tears in the breech area. This usually occurs as a result of challenges during defecation and may be very painful. Although anal fissure can be seen in people of all ages, it occurs more frequently especially in individuals with constipation problems.
Anal fissure Why?
Anal fissure is a small tear formed in the skin or mucosa layer in the interior of the anus. This torn may cause severe pain and sometimes bleeding during the passage of the feces. There are two main forms: acute (new) and chronic (long -standing):
Acute anal fissure: usually can heal spontaneously within a few weeks.
Chronic Anal Fissure: It is a ripping ripped deepened and does not heal over time. It usually requires treatment.
Symptoms of anal fissure
Anal fissure usually manifests itself with the following symptoms:
Severe burning and pain during or after defecation
Itching or irritation around the anus
Bright red blood that can be seen in toilet paper or feces
A small crack that can be visible around the anus
In some cases, constipation development due to fear of defecation
These symptoms are often mixed with hemorrhoids (hemorrhoids). However, unlike hemorrhoids, anal fissure pain is usually sharper and more burning.
Why does anal fissure occur?
Anal fissure may develop due to many factors. The most common reasons are:
Constipation: Hard and voluminous feces can tear the skin around the anus.
Diarrhea: Continuous and frequent defecation can cause irritation of the anus mucosa.
Difficult Birth: Excessive strain during birth can lead to anal fissure.
Chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (eg Crohn’s disease)
Traumas taken around the anus
Muscle spasms: Excessive contraction of the muscles around the anus can make it difficult to heal the tear.
Anal fissure How is it diagnosed?
The diagnosis of anal fissure is usually performed by the physical examination of the doctor. Visible cracks are often sufficient to diagnose. In some cases, advanced examinations such as anoscopy or colonoscopy may be needed, especially if the symptoms indicate a different disease.
Anal fissure treatment methods
Treatment varies depending on whether anal fissure is acute or chronic.
Acute anal fissure treatment
Fiber -rich nutrition: Vegetables, fruits and whole grains should be preferred to soften the feces.
Plenty of water consumption: Drink at least 2-2.5 liters of water per day.
Feces softeners: Fiber supplements or light laxatives may be recommended.
Hot Water Sitting Bathrooms: It can be applied for 10-15 minutes several times a day.
Topical creams: Drugs that relax the anus muscles and reduce pain (eg nitroglycerin or calcium channel blockers) can be used.
Treatment of chronic anal fissure
If there is a fissure that does not pass for more than 6 weeks with the above methods, further treatments may be required:
Botox Injection: Temporary relaxes the muscles around the anus.
Surgical intervention (lateral internal sphincterotomy): It is one of the most effective treatment methods. Some of the anus muscles are cut to relax and recovery is achieved.
Ways of protection from anal fissure
Regular and fibrous nutrition to protect against constipation
Drink plenty of water
To pay attention to toilet habits (not to be very strained, not to postpone the need for toilet)
Daily exercise
Stress Management and Lifestyle Preferences that relax the digestive system
Anal fissure is a disorder that can seriously affect the quality of life but can often be controlled by simple methods. When it is noticed and treated properly in the early period, recovery can be achieved without chronicization. If there is a severe pain, bleeding or a long -term crack, a doctor should be consulted. It should be noted that treatment should be started without shame and delay, as the anal fissure may affect the person not only physically but also psychologically.
