The Ancient City of Mohenjo-Daro, which contains many question marks; It is located in Sydney, Pakistan. The civilization, which is thought to have lived around 2500 BC, was discovered in 1920. It is one of the oldest and largest civilizations in East Asia. Due to the mass deaths in the civilization established on the shores of the Indus Valley, the city was given this name, which means “Mound of the Dead”. One of the features that makes the city different is that it is a settlement where firsts are experienced in terms of technology. Mohenjo-Daro was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1980.
The ruins of the ancient city have a cultural and archaeological importance in terms of world history. The remains unearthed in the city suggest that a nuclear war took place tens of thousands of years ago. Archaeologists have found numerous human skeletons lying in the streets. These skeletons are dead in an instant and their fists are clenched. The radioactive material detected in the skeletons is at the level of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The bodies are presumed to have died as a result of radiation poisoning.
This event is described in the Mahabharata Epic as an old science fiction example. “The corpses burn beyond recognition, the hair and nails of the undead fall out, bowls and pots break by themselves, food is poisoned. The warriors trying to escape and their belongings are washed with ashes. Then a wild wind begins, clouds roar, dust and pebbles rain down. Nature loses its balance, the sun is swaying in the sky, the earth is trembling, the scorching heat from the terrible weapon is burning everything. it is told. The stories told in the epic show that weapons far beyond today’s technology were used in the war.
The Mysterious History of the Mohenjo-Daro Civilization
About 2600 Indus Valley civilizations have been discovered in the area since 1920. The civilization in the valley consists of 2 main regions. Mohenjo-Daro is located in Pakistan in the southernmost province of Sindh, while Harappa is located in the province of Punjab. It is estimated that the most developed period of civilization was in 2600 BC and it had a population of about 5 million at that time. It is thought that as a result of large-scale floods in the city, people migrate from rural areas to cities and this is how the development is experienced.
It is known that the civilization was discovered by the British Engineers by chance while laying the railway tracks in Pakistan. Later, researchers who came to the region found that it was an ancient city. A very complex water system is involved in the planning of the city. The ancient city, organized according to the grid plan, covers an area of approximately 300 hectares. The buildings in the city are made of baked bricks. There are stairs to go to the upper floor in the houses with two floors. Most of the houses have central courtyards that open to the street. Most houses have 2 rooms reserved for bathing. An underground furnace was used to heat the house and bathroom. There is a marketplace in the city center and it has a large well.
Mohenjo-Daro is famous for its purification system, which is the first of its kind in the world. Approximately 700 water wells in the city reveal that the city has many water sources. It has been seen that the bathroom and sewage water coming from the houses were designed to flow into the closed sewers that line the sides of the main streets of the city. Large granaries called Passionflower granaries were discovered in the city. The warehouse is built as a storage system with air channels that dry the grain. In the city, there are large baths made of bricks and covered with watertightness. There are steps leading down from a columned courtyard in the bath, and it is believed that these places were used for purification purposes in religious rituals.
The people of Mohenjo-Daro developed techniques for copper and bronze work, pottery making, seal making, ornamentation, and seashell work. Some of her best-known works are the Priest King, The Dancing Girl, The Mother Goddess, and The Seal of Pashupati. With the partition of India and Pakistan in 1947, the artifacts of the Indus Valley Civilization were also shared between the two. The Reverend King is in Pakistan, and the Mother Goddess and Dancing Girl is in India. The Indus Valley civilization developed in the field of sculpture and engaged in artistic activities.
Studies on civilization; It has been revealed that all of the houses have toilets and bathrooms and they were considered too luxurious for that period. It is interesting that the civilization, which was highly developed in agriculture and irrigation, disappeared for an unknown reason 2000 years ago. In addition, the vitrification and the intense radioactive residue unearthed in the excavations are among the subjects that cause surprise among archaeologists. The radioactive remains prove that there is a modern technology in this settlement, which is very old. In past civilizations, people; It reveals the idea that they disappeared even though very advanced technologies were used, and then started to live again with hunting and gathering.
