Jerusalem has attracted attention throughout history as one of the oldest and holiest cities in the world. With its rich history stretching from the birth of the Abrahamic religions to the present day, Jerusalem has become a center that affects the destiny of humanity. Jerusalem, a sacred center of Judaism, Christianity and Islam, has been a crossroads of many civilizations for centuries.
It is known as a city that has hosted many important events throughout history and is still full of events that are expected to happen. In this article, we will examine the events that took place in Jerusalem and are expected to happen in the future and how these events affected the fate of religions.
Mysteries and Legends of Jerusalem
The mysteries and legends of Jerusalem are deep enough to fascinate visitors. However, there are unknown religious facts about Jerusalem. These facts are what make the city so important and controversial.
The name of Jerusalem in the early Islamic period Bayt al-Maqdis It was known as; However, starting from the 10th century, the name Jerusalem began to be used more widely. Jerusalem is called “Yerushalayim” in Hebrew, “Yerushlem” in Aramaic, “Urislam” in Syriac and “Uru Salim” in Assyrian. In Arabic, Jerusalem, “sacred” or “Holy Temple” It means. However, regardless of its name, Jerusalem has been the center of conflicts, occupations and attacks throughout history. It has been the only city that has experienced 23 occupations, 52 attacks, and 44 captures and reliberations over the centuries.
Jerusalem is known not only for the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, but also as a clash point of religions, sects and nations. It is full of legends and events that sanctify the city, each according to their own beliefs. In this city, where approximately two million people live, people from various nationalities, especially Arabs and Jews, live.
The historical center of Jerusalem consists of four main parts: Muslim, Jewish, Christian and Armenian neighborhoods. Each of them hosts places they consider sacred according to their own beliefs. Al-Aqsa Mosque For Muslims, Temple of Solomonthe only remaining part of Wailing Wall is important for Jews. Christians are Hz. They visit the Church of the Holy Sepulcher, where they believe Jesus was crucified and entombed. These places are considered sacred to Judaism, Islam and Christianity. According to these beliefs, the events that will take place in this city will be fate of religions determines.
Jerusalem for Jews: The Center of the Promised Land
Jerusalem for the Jews, promised landIt is the center of the world and was appointed by God to Hz. It is a land promised to Abraham and his kinsmen. The fact that the borders of Jerusalem are not exactly specified has led to the emergence of various conspiracy theories. According to some, these lands cover a wide region from Egypt to Urfa. Arz-ı Mevudu expresses.
According to some conspiracy theorists, The two blue stripes on the Israeli flagIt represents the lands between the Nile and Euphrates, and this region always poses a potential threat to surrounding countries. That’s why there are still conflicts in Palestine today.
Mentioned in 41 places in the Holy Quran Israelites, Hz. He is a descendant of Jacob. This tribe, Hz. He settled in Egypt during the reign of Joseph and Hz. He lived in that region until he was taken out of Egypt under the leadership of Moses.
In Judaism, the basis of religion is Ten Commandments, It is given to the Israelites after they leave Egypt. Hz. for the sacred sarcophagus where these laws are kept. David is asked to build a large temple. Hz. Psalmistfounded Jerusalem and built this new city Ark of the Covenant brings. However, Hz. Even though Prophet David intended to build the great Temple, he could not do it. Son Hz. Suleiman He builds the temple and places the Ark of the Covenant under the temple. Because, jewishr believe that the fate of their future depends on Jerusalem.
If Temple of SolomonIf they rebuild, their saviors Christ They will come and thus rule the world. Additionally, according to the Jews, when God created the world, he took a piece from under his throne and threw it into the void, and the place where this stone fell on earth became Jerusalem. According to them, the center of the earth is this stone and the sacred temple built on it.
Muslims Al-Aqsa Mosque Jews call this place Temple Mount (Har ha Bayt) he says. According to Jewish belief, Hz. Prophet Abraham’s son. He brought Isaac here to sacrifice to God.
Temple of Solomon Hz. by Suleiman, Freemasonry considered the ancestor Master Hiram It is also said that it was built by. Although this structure was destroyed many times, the second temple was built in 352 BC by the people’s leader Zerrubabel and his prophets Ezra and River. According to what is written in the Bible, David’s son Solomon built the first Temple in the name of Jehovah, which means “God” in Hebrew, and thus Jerusalem became the center of Judaism.
Jerusalem in 70 AD, General TitusIt is destroyed once again by the Roman Empire troops under the command of . Only the wall known today as the Wailing Wall remains. For centuries, people have been shedding tears, making wishes and praying in front of this wall.
For Muslims, this wall is Hz. of the prophet Ascension on his way to Burak It is the place where he mounts his mount. Jews are allowed to worship here Suleiman The Magnificent was given during the period. Until then, that is, since the day the Romans expelled them from Jerusalem, the Jews had not had a place of worship there.
According to the Jews, when the Messiah comes, the third and last Temple will remain standing forever and they will be able to worship properly. But by this time, they are communicating their prayers in different ways; They write letters and put their wishes on the Wailing Wall. These letters were collected by special officials and sent to the holy places of Jerusalem. Mount of Olives cemeteryHe is buried in .
The Mount of Olives is considered the place where Christ will come and salvation will begin. Therefore, the richest people in the world came to witness this moment. Mount of OlivesThey buy graves in . According to their beliefs, they will come out of their graves and walk to the temple with Christ. The location of the Ark of the Covenant, which contains the Ten Commandments and is believed to have been buried under Solomon’s Temple, is unknown today.
Jerusalem for Christians: Hz. Location of Jesus’ Tomb
Hz. of jesus holy grail It is also a subject that remains a mystery. in the bible, Hz. Jesus’ last supperThe cup he drinks from is considered sacred. This bowl, Hz. Thought to be Jesus’ wife Maria Magdalena (Mary Magdalene) It is believed to be kept by. Treasure hunters and archaeologists who have been searching for this bowl for centuries believe that it will open the doors of immortality for them.
According to some claims, Maria Magdalena, Hz. She fled to France, carrying the Christ child, and continued her lineage there. Priory of Zion is Hz. He has been fighting for centuries to protect the descendants of Jesus. Members of this organization include famous names such as Isaac Newton, Victor Hugo and Leonardo Da Vinci.
Hz. The tomb of Jesus was located in the Old City of Jerusalem and was covered with marble in 1555 or earlier. Church of the Holy SepulcherIt is thought to be in. Christians, Jerusalem, Hz. The place where Adam was created and buried, Hz. They see it as a city bearing the traces of Jesus Christ. All these events make Jerusalem a unique city for Christians. Because, All church buildings in the world face Jerusalem.
Christians believe it connects the congregation in each church to the Church of the Holy Sepulcher in Jerusalem. According to the rumor, Hz. The road where Jesus was crucified Way of SufferingFor most of Christendom, it is the most important street in the world and the most important route for pilgrimage. Some Christian pilgrims cross this road carrying crosses on their shoulders. Hz. Where Jesus fell three times while crossing the cross, Third Church A church called was built. This place is also called the Church of the Resurrection and is the home of Hz. It is believed that the tomb of Jesus Christ is located.
Catholics, Greek Orthodox, Armenians, Assyrians, Copts and Abyssinians are the congregations that have offices in the Church of the Holy Sepulcher. For example, during the Ottoman period, congregations were constantly fighting over more space in the church. With a new edict in 1792, the boundaries of the sovereignty areas of the six sects in the church were determined in great detail, and it was confirmed that this edict could not be changed in 1862. The Ottomans had previously found the key to the church. Selahattin Ayyubi They gave it to Muslims in accordance with the decision taken during the period. Still today, the door of the church, Cudi It is opened and closed by a member of the family with a highly ceremonial protocol.
Christians, Hz. They expect Jesus to return in this city. The Messiah will descend on this city and will establish the Kingdom of God on earth for a thousand years, Antichristwill put an end to the domination of , and the war between good and evil, that is, armageddonHe will command.
Jerusalem for Muslims: Hz. The Place Where Muhammad (pbuh) Ascended to Miracle
The name Jerusalem is mentioned twice in the Surah Al-Isra.Bayt al-Maqdis” and it is stated in the Holy Quran that the surroundings of Masjid al-Aqsa are made sacred. Al-Aqsa Mosque, does not refer to a mosque, but to an area of 150 square kilometers. Hz. During the periods of Mecca and Medina, Muhammad (pbuh) was praying towards Jerusalem, facing the Kaaba. The reason for this is Miraç. So Hz. It is the ascension of Muhammad (pbuh) to the sky from the Masjid al-Aqsa.
According to popular Islamic belief Ascension, Hz. It took place in the 12th or 13th year of Muhammad’s (pbuh) prophethood. Hz. While Muhammad (pbuh) was in a state between sleep and wakefulness, Gabriel came to him, opened his chest, washed his heart with Zamzam, and then Burak He took him to Jerusalem on a mount named.
Hz. Some previous prophets welcomed Muhammad (pbuh) here and made him their imam and prayed collectively behind him. Later, Hz. was raised to the sky. Muhammad (pbuh) met with all the prophets there. In this visit independent of time and place, Hz. It is reported that heaven and hell were shown to Muhammad (pbuh).
How Was Masjid al-Aqsa Built?
When Muslims first conquered Jerusalem in 638, the Caliph declared that the key to the city would be handed over only to the Caliph. Hz. Omer He went to Jerusalem himself. Hz. After Ömer cleared the area under the rubble and led the congregation in prayer there, he had a mosque built there. This mosque, named after Hazrat Omar, is located in the Jewish Quarter and has been closed to visitors since 1967.
Until the revelation that the Qibla was the Kaaba first Qibla Masjid al-Aqsa was. When Muslims were ordered to return to the Kaaba, Hz. Muhammad (pbuh) turns his face towards the Kaaba with the community, and from now on, the qibla for Muslims is no longer the Masjid al-Aqsa, but the Kaaba.
After the Crusader Invasion, most of Knights TemplarAl-Aqsa Mosque given to the Muslim commander Saladin AyyubiIt remained in the hands of this Christian sect until 1217, when it was taken back by . During this time, the importance of Al-Aqsa Mosque increased even more. Because it is located in the central courtyard of Masjid al-Aqsa. Muallak RockIt is considered the center of the world. Hz. Noah’s shipThere are also beliefs that he sat on this rock after the flood.
When Jerusalem is mentioned, there is another place that is confused with Masjid al-Aqsa. Dome of the Rockis. Dome of the Rock is the first known domed structure of Islamic architecture. Umayyad Caliph Abdul Malik bin Marwan The building, which was built between 689-691 by the Prophet Muhammad, after the conquest of Jerusalem. Because it was built on the place where Omar prayed. “Omer Mosque” Also known as. Inside Suspended Stone This stone means rock suspended in the air. This stone, located in the middle of the Dome of the Rock, gives the impression of being suspended in the air when viewed from the ceiling from the inside. According to rumors, Hz. It is said that Abraham was laid on this rock to sacrifice his son Ishmael.
This area is one of the two areas in the world that no one except Muslims can enter. The other one is the area where the Kaaba is located, that is, the Harem-i Sharif. Those who visit these areas are asked to bring kalima-i shahada, that is, to prove that they are Muslims. Jerusalem is such a place that it fascinates and enchants those who visit it. Regardless of religion, those who visit Jerusalem are captured by its mystical and mysterious atmosphere.
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